Ski touring is a demanding activity that combines the intense physical effort of the climb with the exhilarating descents. Effective management of clothing layers and moisture is crucial to maintaining your comfort and safety throughout your outing. Here is a complete guide to help you master this essential aspect of the practice.
The principle of the multi-layer system
The multi-layer system is the key to good temperature and humidity management. It generally consists of three main layers:
- The base layer : In direct contact with the skin, it must wick away perspiration.
- The intermediate layer : It insulates from the cold by retaining warm air.
- The outer layer : It protects from the elements (wind, snow, rain) while allowing moisture to escape.
The base layer: Moisture wicking
The base layer is your first line of defense against moisture. Opt for synthetic materials or merino wool, which have excellent moisture-wicking properties. Avoid cotton, which retains moisture and can quickly cool you down.
For cold days, choose thicker thermal underwear. For gentler outings or intense efforts, opt for lighter and more breathable models.
The middle layer: Insulation
This layer plays a crucial role in regulating your temperature. Materials like fleece, thick merino wool or insulating synthetic fibers are ideal. They provide good insulation even when damp.
Consider bringing several layers of mid-layers so you can adjust your insulation depending on the intensity of the effort and the weather conditions.
The outer layer: Protection
Your outer layer should protect you from the elements while allowing moisture to escape. An ideal ski touring jacket is waterproof, windproof and breathable. Membranes like Gore-Tex or similar offer this compromise.
For the climb, where the effort is intense, opt for a more breathable softshell. For the descent or in case of bad weather, a waterproof hardshell will be more appropriate.
Dynamic layer management
The key to good layer management is constant adaptation to your effort level and conditions:
- Before starting the climb, remove a layer to avoid sweating too much.
- During breaks, quickly add a layer to avoid getting cold.
- Adjust the ventilation of your clothes (zips, openings) to regulate your temperature.
- Change your base layer if it is too wet, especially before a long descent.
Moisture management beyond clothing
Moisture management isn't just about clothing:
- Hydrate regularly to maintain good thermal regulation.
- Use dry seal skins for the next climb.
- Dry your gloves and shoes during breaks if possible.
- Carry a change of clothes in a waterproof bag.
Conclusion
Proper layering and moisture management in ski touring requires anticipation and constant adaptation. With practice, you will learn to adjust your layers intuitively, maximizing your comfort and safety in all conditions. Remember that every skier is different: experiment to find the system that works best for you. With a good layering strategy, you will be able to fully enjoy your mountain outings, whatever the weather.